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Analysis

Iran's rebuke of Russia, China exposes cracks in its 'look to East' strategy 

Pezeshkian comments revived a long-running debate over the fragility of Iran's geopolitical alignments and the asymmetry built into its relations with Moscow and Beijing.

 Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian (R) makes a speech as he attends the National Army Day ceremony on April 18, 2025 in Tehran, Iran. The country held its annual 'Army Day' parade in Tehran, which included an address by current President Masoud Pezeshkian. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images)
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian (R) makes a speech as he attends the National Army Day ceremony on April 18, 2025, in Tehran, Iran. — Majid Saeedi/Getty Images

TEHRAN — In a speech in the city of Qazvin this week, Iran's president, Masoud Pezeshkian, lamented that countries Iran has called friends did not step forward when Iran came under attack during the June war with Israel, reflecting Tehran's increasing disillusionment with its partners in Beijing and Moscow. 

While Pezeshkian did not mention names, his remarks were widely interpreted as a pointed jab at both Russia and China — the twin pillars of Iran's "look to the East" strategy.

Pezeshkian voiced what many analysts have argued quietly for years: When Iran faces a real crisis, its strategic partners hesitate. 

The comments have revived a long-running debate over the fragility of Iran's geopolitical alignments and the asymmetry built into its relations with Moscow and Beijing. For years, Tehran framed its ties with the two powers as a counterweight to Western pressure, a shield against American sanctions and even a potential military backstop in emergency situations. But the reality that was exposed during Israel's broad aerial campaign in June — which saw repeated devastating strikes on Iran's military and nuclear infrastructure — may have triggered a deeper reassessment inside Iran's political establishment. 

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