'I wanted the job': Sudanese woman defies Libya patriarchy as mechanic
Wrench in hand, Asawar Mustafa, a female Sudanese refugee in Libya, inspects an oil filter in the women-only section of a garage in western Libya, where being a mechanic is considered a man's role.
That hasn't deterred the 22-year-old whose main concern until recently was survival, having fled the war in Sudan with her family and abandoned her last year of studies in pharmacy.
"At first, the experience was a bit difficult," said Asawar, who came to Libya with her four sisters, mother and brother, who works in the men's section at the same garage.
She said she was afraid of "making mistakes and damaging the customer's car". But as she honed her skills, she became "passionate" about mechanics, even in the face of misogyny.
People have told Asawar "your place is at home" and "in the kitchen", and that "this is not a job for you", she said.
But the young woman was determined "not to let it become an obstacle... On the contrary, it was funny to me that someone would say that without knowing my circumstances."
"I had one goal: I wanted the job."
Each day, Asawar, wearing a white scarf and black blouse, welcomes a number of female drivers from Misrata, a large port city about 200 kilometres east of Tripoli.
"It's great to see women making inroads in all fields," including mechanics, said Fawzia Manita, a customer.
"More and more women are driving in Libya and need to feel comfortable in a place where they are dealing with women, whereas if they were dealing with men, they would feel intimidated," said the 39-year-old.
- Fleeing Sudan -
Libya is struggling to recover from years of war and chaos following the 2011 NATO-backed uprising that overthrew longtime dictator Moamer Kadhafi.
Given its proximity to Italy, whose southernmost island of Lampedusa is around 300 kilometres (186 miles) away, Libya is also a key departure point for migrants, refugees and asylum seekers, mainly from sub-Saharan Africa, who risk perilous Mediterranean journeys to reach Europe.
Last month, authorities said that up to four in five foreigners in the North African country were undocumented.
The Mustafas left Sudan last October amid the war that broke out in April 2023 between the Sudanese army under Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), led by his former deputy Mohamed Hamdan Daglo.
The conflict has left tens of thousands dead, according to the UN. While more than 10.7 million Sudanese have been internally displaced, 2.3 million have fled to neighbouring countries.
After a 10-day voyage through the desert, Asawar arrived in Kufra, an oasis where the UN says more than 40,000 Sudanese refugees live alongside 60,000 locals.
The town is around 1,200 kilometres (745 miles) away from Misrata, where Mostafa finally found a job.
"Those days were the worst days I've ever lived," she told AFP, without wanting to elaborate.
She was reluctant to talk about her experience travelling first to Benghazi, in the northeast, then the capital Tripoli, in the west, then Misrata.
- 'More comfortable' -
At the repair shop, the encouragement of her 19-year-old brother, Sahabi has been a lifeline.
"I'm here for her if she needs help" and "reassurance," said Sahabi.
Abdelsalam Shagib, the 32-year-old owner of the shop, has also been supportive of Asawar, his only female employee.
He said the services offered to female clients should be diversified and conducted by more women. The profession "must not remain reserved for men", he said.
"Women may want to work in this field," he said.
According to the World Bank, the proportion of women in the labour force in Libya reached 37 percent in 2022.
There are other garages in Libya that offer a section for female drivers, but Shagib said his is the first to provide services by a woman.
"Today, women who come here are happy to deal with a woman and are more comfortable," said Asawar.
She said that as long as "a woman is determined," no job "is a man's monopoly".
"If the desire is there, you should not hesitate."
